AustralieFrV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 004666

HbA1c, fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose in current-, ex-, and non-smokers: a meta-analysis

Identifieur interne : 004666 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 004665; suivant : 004667

HbA1c, fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose in current-, ex-, and non-smokers: a meta-analysis

Auteurs : Soraya Soulimane [France] ; Dominique Simon [France] ; William H. Herman [États-Unis] ; Celine Lange [France] ; Crystal My Lee [Australie] ; Stephen Colagiuri [Australie] ; Jonathan E. Shaw [Australie] ; Paul Z. Zimmet [Australie] ; Dianna Magliano [Australie] ; Sandra Rs Ferreira [Brésil] ; Yanghu Dong [République populaire de Chine] ; Lei Zhang [République populaire de Chine] ; Torben Jorgensen [Danemark] ; Jaakko Tuomilehto [Espagne, Arabie saoudite] ; Viswanathan Mohan [Inde] ; Dirk L. Christensen [Danemark] ; Lydia Kaduka [Kenya] ; Jacqueline M. Dekker [Pays-Bas] ; Giel Nijpels [Pays-Bas] ; Coen Da Stehouwer [Pays-Bas] ; Olivier Lantieri [France] ; Wilfred Y. Fujimoto [États-Unis] ; Donna L. Leonetti [États-Unis] ; Marguerite J. Mcneely [États-Unis] ; Knut Borch-Johnsen [Danemark] ; Edward J. Boyko [États-Unis] ; Dorte Vistisen [Danemark] ; Beverley Balkau [France]

Source :

Diabetologia [ 0012-186X ] ; 2013.

RBID : PMC:4240946

Abstract

Aim

The relations between smoking and glycaemic parameters are not well explored. We compare HbA_1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-hour plasma glucose (2H-PG) in current-, ex- and never-smokers.

Methods

This meta-analysis used individual data from 16 886 men and 18 539 women without known diabetes, in 12 DETECT-2 consortium studies and in the French D.E.S.I.R. and TELECOM studies. Means of the three glycaemic parameters in current-, ex- and never-smokers were modelled by linear regression, with study as a random factor. The I² statistic evaluated heterogeneity among studies.

Results

HbA_1c was 0.10 (95%CI:0.08,0.12) % [1.1 (0.9,1.3) mmol/mol] higher in current-smokers and 0.03 (0.01,0.05) % [0.3 (0.1,0.5) mmol/l] higher in ex-smokers, compared with never-smokers. For FPG, there was no significant difference between current- and never-smokers: −0.004 (−0.03,0.02) mmol/l but FPG was higher in ex-smokers: 0.12 (0.09,0.14) mmol/l. In comparison to never-smokers, 2H-PG was lower: −0.44 (−0.52,−0.37) mmol/l in current-smokers, with no difference for ex-smokers: 0.02 (−0.06,0.09) mmol/l. There was a large and unexplained heterogeneity among studies, with I² always higher than 50%: after stratification by sex and adjustment for age and BMI, I² changed little. In this study population, current-smokers had a prevalence of diabetes as screened by HbA_1c, 1.30% higher and that screened by 2H-PG, 0.52% lower than in comparison to never-smokers.

Conclusion

Current-smokers had a higher HbA_1c and a lower 2H-PG than never-smokers, across this heterogeneous group of studies; this will effect the chances of smokers being diagnosed with diabetes.

Url:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4240946

DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-3058-y
PubMed: 24065153
PubMed Central: 4240946

Affiliations:

Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Lee, Crystal My" sort="Lee, Crystal My" uniqKey="Lee C" first="Crystal My" last="Lee">Crystal My Lee</name>
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<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A10">Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Zhang, Lei" sort="Zhang, Lei" uniqKey="Zhang L" first="Lei" last="Zhang">Lei Zhang</name>
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<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A10">Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Jorgensen, Torben" sort="Jorgensen, Torben" uniqKey="Jorgensen T" first="Torben" last="Jorgensen">Torben Jorgensen</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Public Health Research, KEMRI, Nairobi</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Dekker, Jacqueline M" sort="Dekker, Jacqueline M" uniqKey="Dekker J" first="Jacqueline M" last="Dekker">Jacqueline M. Dekker</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A18">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region>
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<author><name sortKey="Nijpels, Giel" sort="Nijpels, Giel" uniqKey="Nijpels G" first="Giel" last="Nijpels">Giel Nijpels</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A18">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
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<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region>
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<author><name sortKey="Stehouwer, Coen Da" sort="Stehouwer, Coen Da" uniqKey="Stehouwer C" first="Coen Da" last="Stehouwer">Coen Da Stehouwer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht</wicri:regionArea>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lantieri, Olivier" sort="Lantieri, Olivier" uniqKey="Lantieri O" first="Olivier" last="Lantieri">Olivier Lantieri</name>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fujimoto, Wilfred Y" sort="Fujimoto, Wilfred Y" uniqKey="Fujimoto W" first="Wilfred Y" last="Fujimoto">Wilfred Y. Fujimoto</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A21">Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region>
<settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leonetti, Donna L" sort="Leonetti, Donna L" uniqKey="Leonetti D" first="Donna L" last="Leonetti">Donna L. Leonetti</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A22">Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region>
<settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName>
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<author><name sortKey="Mcneely, Marguerite J" sort="Mcneely, Marguerite J" uniqKey="Mcneely M" first="Marguerite J" last="Mcneely">Marguerite J. Mcneely</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington</wicri:regionArea>
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<settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Borch Johnsen, Knut" sort="Borch Johnsen, Knut" uniqKey="Borch Johnsen K" first="Knut" last="Borch-Johnsen">Knut Borch-Johnsen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A23">Holbaek Hospital, Holbaek, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Holbaek Hospital, Holbaek</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Holbaek</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boyko, Edward J" sort="Boyko, Edward J" uniqKey="Boyko E" first="Edward J" last="Boyko">Edward J. Boyko</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A21">Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region>
<settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A24">Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vistisen, Dorte" sort="Vistisen, Dorte" uniqKey="Vistisen D" first="Dorte" last="Vistisen">Dorte Vistisen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A25">Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Niels Steensens vej 2-4, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Niels Steensens vej 2-4, 2820 Gentofte</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>2820 Gentofte</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Balkau, Beverley" sort="Balkau, Beverley" uniqKey="Balkau B" first="Beverley" last="Balkau">Beverley Balkau</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1">Inserm, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of diabetes, obesity and chronic kidney diseases over the lifecourse, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Inserm, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of diabetes, obesity and chronic kidney diseases over the lifecourse, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A2">Université Paris Sud 11, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Université Paris Sud 11, UMRS 1018, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
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<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4240946</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:4240946</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1007/s00125-013-3058-y</idno>
<date when="2013">2013</date>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">HbA<sub>1c</sub>
, fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose in current-, ex-, and non-smokers: a meta-analysis</title>
<author><name sortKey="Soulimane, Soraya" sort="Soulimane, Soraya" uniqKey="Soulimane S" first="Soraya" last="Soulimane">Soraya Soulimane</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1">Inserm, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of diabetes, obesity and chronic kidney diseases over the lifecourse, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Inserm, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of diabetes, obesity and chronic kidney diseases over the lifecourse, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A2">Université Paris Sud 11, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Université Paris Sud 11, UMRS 1018, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Simon, Dominique" sort="Simon, Dominique" uniqKey="Simon D" first="Dominique" last="Simon">Dominique Simon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1">Inserm, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of diabetes, obesity and chronic kidney diseases over the lifecourse, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Inserm, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of diabetes, obesity and chronic kidney diseases over the lifecourse, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpetrière, Diabetes Department, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpetrière, Diabetes Department, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A4">Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Herman, William H" sort="Herman, William H" uniqKey="Herman W" first="William H" last="Herman">William H. Herman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A5">University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Michigan</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lange, Celine" sort="Lange, Celine" uniqKey="Lange C" first="Celine" last="Lange">Celine Lange</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1">Inserm, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of diabetes, obesity and chronic kidney diseases over the lifecourse, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Inserm, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of diabetes, obesity and chronic kidney diseases over the lifecourse, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A2">Université Paris Sud 11, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Université Paris Sud 11, UMRS 1018, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lee, Crystal My" sort="Lee, Crystal My" uniqKey="Lee C" first="Crystal My" last="Lee">Crystal My Lee</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A6">The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Sydney</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement>
<region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region>
<settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Colagiuri, Stephen" sort="Colagiuri, Stephen" uniqKey="Colagiuri S" first="Stephen" last="Colagiuri">Stephen Colagiuri</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A6">The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Sydney</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement>
<region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region>
<settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shaw, Jonathan E" sort="Shaw, Jonathan E" uniqKey="Shaw J" first="Jonathan E" last="Shaw">Jonathan E. Shaw</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A7">Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement>
<region type="état">Victoria (État)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zimmet, Paul Z" sort="Zimmet, Paul Z" uniqKey="Zimmet P" first="Paul Z" last="Zimmet">Paul Z. Zimmet</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A7">Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement>
<region type="état">Victoria (État)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Magliano, Dianna" sort="Magliano, Dianna" uniqKey="Magliano D" first="Dianna" last="Magliano">Dianna Magliano</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A7">Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Melbourne</settlement>
<region type="état">Victoria (État)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ferreira, Sandra Rs" sort="Ferreira, Sandra Rs" uniqKey="Ferreira S" first="Sandra Rs" last="Ferreira">Sandra Rs Ferreira</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A8">Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">São Paulo</settlement>
<region type="state">État de São Paulo</region>
<settlement type="city">São Paulo</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de São Paulo</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dong, Yanghu" sort="Dong, Yanghu" uniqKey="Dong Y" first="Yanghu" last="Dong">Yanghu Dong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qingdao Endocrine & Diabetes Hospital, Qingdao, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qingdao Endocrine & Diabetes Hospital, Qingdao</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Qingdao</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A10">Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Weifang Medical University, Weifang</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Weifang</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhang, Lei" sort="Zhang, Lei" uniqKey="Zhang L" first="Lei" last="Zhang">Lei Zhang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qingdao Endocrine & Diabetes Hospital, Qingdao, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qingdao Endocrine & Diabetes Hospital, Qingdao</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Qingdao</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A10">Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Weifang Medical University, Weifang</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Weifang</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jorgensen, Torben" sort="Jorgensen, Torben" uniqKey="Jorgensen T" first="Torben" last="Jorgensen">Torben Jorgensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A11">Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capitol Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capitol Region of Denmark, Glostrup</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Glostrup</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tuomilehto, Jaakko" sort="Tuomilehto, Jaakko" uniqKey="Tuomilehto J" first="Jaakko" last="Tuomilehto">Jaakko Tuomilehto</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Danube University Krems, Krems Austria,</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Krems Austria</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A13">Center for Vascular Prevention Red RECAVA Grupo, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Vascular Prevention Red RECAVA Grupo, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A14">King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mohan, Viswanathan" sort="Mohan, Viswanathan" uniqKey="Mohan V" first="Viswanathan" last="Mohan">Viswanathan Mohan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A15">Dr.Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre and Madras Diabetes Research Foundation Chennai, India</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Dr.Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre and Madras Diabetes Research Foundation Chennai</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Christensen, Dirk L" sort="Christensen, Dirk L" uniqKey="Christensen D" first="Dirk L" last="Christensen">Dirk L. Christensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A16">Unit of International Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Unit of International Health, University of Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>University of Copenhagen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kaduka, Lydia" sort="Kaduka, Lydia" uniqKey="Kaduka L" first="Lydia" last="Kaduka">Lydia Kaduka</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A17">Centre for Public Health Research, KEMRI, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Public Health Research, KEMRI, Nairobi</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nairobi</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dekker, Jacqueline M" sort="Dekker, Jacqueline M" uniqKey="Dekker J" first="Jacqueline M" last="Dekker">Jacqueline M. Dekker</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A18">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nijpels, Giel" sort="Nijpels, Giel" uniqKey="Nijpels G" first="Giel" last="Nijpels">Giel Nijpels</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A18">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stehouwer, Coen Da" sort="Stehouwer, Coen Da" uniqKey="Stehouwer C" first="Coen Da" last="Stehouwer">Coen Da Stehouwer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Maastricht</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lantieri, Olivier" sort="Lantieri, Olivier" uniqKey="Lantieri O" first="Olivier" last="Lantieri">Olivier Lantieri</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A20">IRSA, La Riche, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>IRSA, La Riche</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>La Riche</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>La Riche</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fujimoto, Wilfred Y" sort="Fujimoto, Wilfred Y" uniqKey="Fujimoto W" first="Wilfred Y" last="Fujimoto">Wilfred Y. Fujimoto</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A21">Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region>
<settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leonetti, Donna L" sort="Leonetti, Donna L" uniqKey="Leonetti D" first="Donna L" last="Leonetti">Donna L. Leonetti</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A22">Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region>
<settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mcneely, Marguerite J" sort="Mcneely, Marguerite J" uniqKey="Mcneely M" first="Marguerite J" last="Mcneely">Marguerite J. Mcneely</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A21">Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region>
<settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Borch Johnsen, Knut" sort="Borch Johnsen, Knut" uniqKey="Borch Johnsen K" first="Knut" last="Borch-Johnsen">Knut Borch-Johnsen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A23">Holbaek Hospital, Holbaek, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Holbaek Hospital, Holbaek</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Holbaek</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boyko, Edward J" sort="Boyko, Edward J" uniqKey="Boyko E" first="Edward J" last="Boyko">Edward J. Boyko</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A21">Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region>
<settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A24">Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vistisen, Dorte" sort="Vistisen, Dorte" uniqKey="Vistisen D" first="Dorte" last="Vistisen">Dorte Vistisen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A25">Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Niels Steensens vej 2-4, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Niels Steensens vej 2-4, 2820 Gentofte</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>2820 Gentofte</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Balkau, Beverley" sort="Balkau, Beverley" uniqKey="Balkau B" first="Beverley" last="Balkau">Beverley Balkau</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A1">Inserm, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of diabetes, obesity and chronic kidney diseases over the lifecourse, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Inserm, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of diabetes, obesity and chronic kidney diseases over the lifecourse, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A2">Université Paris Sud 11, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Université Paris Sud 11, UMRS 1018, Villejuif</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Villejuif</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Diabetologia</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0012-186X</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1432-0428</idno>
<imprint><date when="2013">2013</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Aim</title>
<p id="P1">The relations between smoking and glycaemic parameters are not well explored. We compare HbA<sub>1c</sub>
, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-hour plasma glucose (2H-PG) in current-, ex- and never-smokers.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title>
<p id="P2">This meta-analysis used individual data from 16 886 men and 18 539 women without known diabetes, in 12 DETECT-2 consortium studies and in the French D.E.S.I.R. and TELECOM studies. Means of the three glycaemic parameters in current-, ex- and never-smokers were modelled by linear regression, with study as a random factor. The <italic>I<sup>2</sup>
</italic>
 statistic evaluated heterogeneity among studies.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3"><title>Results</title>
<p id="P3">HbA<sub>1c</sub>
 was 0.10 (95%CI:0.08,0.12) % [1.1 (0.9,1.3) mmol/mol] higher in current-smokers and 0.03 (0.01,0.05) % [0.3 (0.1,0.5) mmol/l] higher in ex-smokers, compared with never-smokers. For FPG, there was no significant difference between current- and never-smokers: −0.004 (−0.03,0.02) mmol/l but FPG was higher in ex-smokers: 0.12 (0.09,0.14) mmol/l. In comparison to never-smokers, 2H-PG was lower: −0.44 (−0.52,−0.37) mmol/l in current-smokers, with no difference for ex-smokers: 0.02 (−0.06,0.09) mmol/l. There was a large and unexplained heterogeneity among studies, with <italic>I<sup>2</sup>
</italic>
 always higher than 50%: after stratification by sex and adjustment for age and BMI, <italic>I<sup>2</sup>
</italic>
 changed little. In this study population, current-smokers had a prevalence of diabetes as screened by HbA<sub>1c</sub>
, 1.30% higher and that screened by 2H-PG, 0.52% lower than in comparison to never-smokers.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S4"><title>Conclusion</title>
<p id="P4">Current-smokers had a higher HbA<sub>1c</sub>
 and a lower 2H-PG than never-smokers, across this heterogeneous group of studies; this will effect the chances of smokers being diagnosed with diabetes.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Arabie saoudite</li>
<li>Australie</li>
<li>Brésil</li>
<li>Danemark</li>
<li>Espagne</li>
<li>France</li>
<li>Inde</li>
<li>Kenya</li>
<li>Pays-Bas</li>
<li>République populaire de Chine</li>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Communauté de Madrid</li>
<li>Hollande-Septentrionale</li>
<li>Michigan</li>
<li>Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</li>
<li>Victoria (État)</li>
<li>Washington (État)</li>
<li>État de São Paulo</li>
<li>Île-de-France</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Amsterdam</li>
<li>Madrid</li>
<li>Melbourne</li>
<li>Paris</li>
<li>Seattle</li>
<li>Sydney</li>
<li>São Paulo</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie</li>
<li>Université de Sydney</li>
<li>Université de São Paulo</li>
<li>Université de Washington</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Soulimane, Soraya" sort="Soulimane, Soraya" uniqKey="Soulimane S" first="Soraya" last="Soulimane">Soraya Soulimane</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Balkau, Beverley" sort="Balkau, Beverley" uniqKey="Balkau B" first="Beverley" last="Balkau">Beverley Balkau</name>
<name sortKey="Balkau, Beverley" sort="Balkau, Beverley" uniqKey="Balkau B" first="Beverley" last="Balkau">Beverley Balkau</name>
<name sortKey="Lange, Celine" sort="Lange, Celine" uniqKey="Lange C" first="Celine" last="Lange">Celine Lange</name>
<name sortKey="Lange, Celine" sort="Lange, Celine" uniqKey="Lange C" first="Celine" last="Lange">Celine Lange</name>
<name sortKey="Lantieri, Olivier" sort="Lantieri, Olivier" uniqKey="Lantieri O" first="Olivier" last="Lantieri">Olivier Lantieri</name>
<name sortKey="Simon, Dominique" sort="Simon, Dominique" uniqKey="Simon D" first="Dominique" last="Simon">Dominique Simon</name>
<name sortKey="Simon, Dominique" sort="Simon, Dominique" uniqKey="Simon D" first="Dominique" last="Simon">Dominique Simon</name>
<name sortKey="Simon, Dominique" sort="Simon, Dominique" uniqKey="Simon D" first="Dominique" last="Simon">Dominique Simon</name>
<name sortKey="Soulimane, Soraya" sort="Soulimane, Soraya" uniqKey="Soulimane S" first="Soraya" last="Soulimane">Soraya Soulimane</name>
</country>
<country name="États-Unis"><region name="Michigan"><name sortKey="Herman, William H" sort="Herman, William H" uniqKey="Herman W" first="William H" last="Herman">William H. Herman</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Boyko, Edward J" sort="Boyko, Edward J" uniqKey="Boyko E" first="Edward J" last="Boyko">Edward J. Boyko</name>
<name sortKey="Boyko, Edward J" sort="Boyko, Edward J" uniqKey="Boyko E" first="Edward J" last="Boyko">Edward J. Boyko</name>
<name sortKey="Fujimoto, Wilfred Y" sort="Fujimoto, Wilfred Y" uniqKey="Fujimoto W" first="Wilfred Y" last="Fujimoto">Wilfred Y. Fujimoto</name>
<name sortKey="Leonetti, Donna L" sort="Leonetti, Donna L" uniqKey="Leonetti D" first="Donna L" last="Leonetti">Donna L. Leonetti</name>
<name sortKey="Mcneely, Marguerite J" sort="Mcneely, Marguerite J" uniqKey="Mcneely M" first="Marguerite J" last="Mcneely">Marguerite J. Mcneely</name>
</country>
<country name="Australie"><region name="Nouvelle-Galles du Sud"><name sortKey="Lee, Crystal My" sort="Lee, Crystal My" uniqKey="Lee C" first="Crystal My" last="Lee">Crystal My Lee</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Colagiuri, Stephen" sort="Colagiuri, Stephen" uniqKey="Colagiuri S" first="Stephen" last="Colagiuri">Stephen Colagiuri</name>
<name sortKey="Magliano, Dianna" sort="Magliano, Dianna" uniqKey="Magliano D" first="Dianna" last="Magliano">Dianna Magliano</name>
<name sortKey="Shaw, Jonathan E" sort="Shaw, Jonathan E" uniqKey="Shaw J" first="Jonathan E" last="Shaw">Jonathan E. Shaw</name>
<name sortKey="Zimmet, Paul Z" sort="Zimmet, Paul Z" uniqKey="Zimmet P" first="Paul Z" last="Zimmet">Paul Z. Zimmet</name>
</country>
<country name="Brésil"><region name="État de São Paulo"><name sortKey="Ferreira, Sandra Rs" sort="Ferreira, Sandra Rs" uniqKey="Ferreira S" first="Sandra Rs" last="Ferreira">Sandra Rs Ferreira</name>
</region>
</country>
<country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Dong, Yanghu" sort="Dong, Yanghu" uniqKey="Dong Y" first="Yanghu" last="Dong">Yanghu Dong</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Dong, Yanghu" sort="Dong, Yanghu" uniqKey="Dong Y" first="Yanghu" last="Dong">Yanghu Dong</name>
<name sortKey="Zhang, Lei" sort="Zhang, Lei" uniqKey="Zhang L" first="Lei" last="Zhang">Lei Zhang</name>
<name sortKey="Zhang, Lei" sort="Zhang, Lei" uniqKey="Zhang L" first="Lei" last="Zhang">Lei Zhang</name>
</country>
<country name="Danemark"><noRegion><name sortKey="Jorgensen, Torben" sort="Jorgensen, Torben" uniqKey="Jorgensen T" first="Torben" last="Jorgensen">Torben Jorgensen</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Borch Johnsen, Knut" sort="Borch Johnsen, Knut" uniqKey="Borch Johnsen K" first="Knut" last="Borch-Johnsen">Knut Borch-Johnsen</name>
<name sortKey="Christensen, Dirk L" sort="Christensen, Dirk L" uniqKey="Christensen D" first="Dirk L" last="Christensen">Dirk L. Christensen</name>
<name sortKey="Vistisen, Dorte" sort="Vistisen, Dorte" uniqKey="Vistisen D" first="Dorte" last="Vistisen">Dorte Vistisen</name>
</country>
<country name="Espagne"><region name="Communauté de Madrid"><name sortKey="Tuomilehto, Jaakko" sort="Tuomilehto, Jaakko" uniqKey="Tuomilehto J" first="Jaakko" last="Tuomilehto">Jaakko Tuomilehto</name>
</region>
</country>
<country name="Arabie saoudite"><noRegion><name sortKey="Tuomilehto, Jaakko" sort="Tuomilehto, Jaakko" uniqKey="Tuomilehto J" first="Jaakko" last="Tuomilehto">Jaakko Tuomilehto</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="Inde"><noRegion><name sortKey="Mohan, Viswanathan" sort="Mohan, Viswanathan" uniqKey="Mohan V" first="Viswanathan" last="Mohan">Viswanathan Mohan</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="Kenya"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kaduka, Lydia" sort="Kaduka, Lydia" uniqKey="Kaduka L" first="Lydia" last="Kaduka">Lydia Kaduka</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Hollande-Septentrionale"><name sortKey="Dekker, Jacqueline M" sort="Dekker, Jacqueline M" uniqKey="Dekker J" first="Jacqueline M" last="Dekker">Jacqueline M. Dekker</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Nijpels, Giel" sort="Nijpels, Giel" uniqKey="Nijpels G" first="Giel" last="Nijpels">Giel Nijpels</name>
<name sortKey="Stehouwer, Coen Da" sort="Stehouwer, Coen Da" uniqKey="Stehouwer C" first="Coen Da" last="Stehouwer">Coen Da Stehouwer</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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Serveur d'exploration sur les relations entre la France et l'Australie

HbA1c, fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose in current-, ex-, and non-smokers: a meta-analysis

HbA1c, fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose in current-, ex-, and non-smokers: a meta-analysis

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	Serveur d'exploration sur les relations entre la France et l'Australie
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